Fig. 5From: Spatial analyses on pre-earthquake ionospheric anomalies and magnetic storms observed by China seismo-electromagnetic satellite in August 2018ROC curves for alarming earthquakes based on precursory information indicated in Fig. 4. Color and red curves denote the ROC curves of the observations and the 95% interval, respectively. The red and blue asterisks denote the best point yielding the maximum R score (= TPR−FPR), which is called the Youden index (Youden 1950). p-value is “zero”Back to article page