Fig. 3

The Pacific cold tongue annual cycle. a) SST averaged over 6°S–6°N, showing the cold tongue annual cycle with the cold peak in boreal fall and warm peak in boreal spring. Note that the time axis is such that 0 is the start of the year and 12 is the end; mid-January is thus 0.5. b–c SST and 10 m winds for b October (cold peak), and c April (warm peak). Data are from ERA-Interim (Dee et al. 2011), averaged over 1979–2018. Figure taken from Chiang et al. (2022), Extended Data Fig. 1