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Geoscience Letters

Official Journal of the Asia Oceania Geosciences Society (AOGS)

Fig. 4 | Geoscience Letters

Fig. 4

From: Unprecedented warming in Northwestern India during April of 2022: roles of local forcing and atmospheric Rossby wave

Fig. 4

a The spatial structure of the IOBM for the period of 1979–2022, calculated by the EOF function of monthly SST anomalies obtained from ERSST. b The lead correlation coefficient of the monthly IOBMI with the April PC1 (red line) and PC2 (blue line) during the period of 1979–2022. The zero of x-axis represents the concurrent correlation. c Regression of April SST anomalies with the January IOBMI (colors; °C). The green and black vectors are the mean surface winds during March and April (m/s). d The normalized SATI (black line; the same as the blue line in Fig. 1c), the predicted SATI for the training period (blue line; 1979–2000) and the hindcasting period (red line; 2000–2022)

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