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Geoscience Letters

Official Journal of the Asia Oceania Geosciences Society (AOGS)

Fig. 3 | Geoscience Letters

Fig. 3

From: Truths of the Riverscape: Moving beyond command-and-control to geomorphologically informed nature-based river management

Fig. 3

Working with process: Impelling and resisting forces in river systems. A Hjulstrom diagram describes the relationship between bed material size and sediment entrainment, transport and deposition in rivers, showing that sands are the most readily mobilised materials in river systems (rivers love sand). B At the grain scale, interactions between the size and organisation of bed materials (boundary resistance) and flow (conditioned largely by slope and depth) influence the frequency of bed mobilisation and the distance materials are transported. C Channel geometry and planform influence the extent of the bed/bank surface against which flow interacts (and the form resistance thereof). D Valley scale resistance reflects the extent to which the channel abuts valley margins (or other lateral constraints such as terraces and anthropogenic structures) relative to planform-induced resistance

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