Fig. 3From: Local and remote SST variability contribute to the westward shift of the Pacific Walker circulation during 1979–2015The observed and simulated trends of the surface zonal wind over the tropical Pacific. a Shows the surface zonal wind climatology (contours) and its trend (color) from 1979 to 2015 in the ensemble-mean of six reanalysis datasets. The gray dots represent the areas with confidence level of 95%. b Shows the simulated zonal wind trend in the pan-tropical-ocean forcing atmospheric model experiments, with d–f showing the simulated zonal wind trends in the tropical Atlantic-, the tropical Pacific-, and the Indian Ocean-forcing experiments. c Shows the sum of results in d–f, which is very similar to the model results driven by the pan-tropical-oceans (b), implying the linearity between the SST forcings from different tropical ocean basinsBack to article page