Performance assessment of the landslide susceptibility modelling using the support vector machine, radial basis function network, and weight of evidence models in the N'fis river basin, Morocco

Naceur, Hassan Ait; Abdo, Hazem Ghassan; Igmoullan, Brahim; Namous, Mustapha; Almohamad, Hussein; Al Dughairi, Ahmed Abdullah; Al-Mutiry, Motrih

doi:10.1186/s40562-022-00249-4

Geoscience Letters

Official Journal of the Asia Oceania Geosciences Society (AOGS)

Table 2 WoE weights for the different classes of each parameter based on landslide occurrences

From: Performance assessment of the landslide susceptibility modelling using the support vector machine, radial basis function network, and weight of evidence models in the N'fis river basin, Morocco

Factor	Class	Number of pixels in class	Percentage of domain (PD)	Number of landslide pixels	Percentage of landslide (PL)	W +	W−	C
Elevation	669–1000	1,272,189	11,609	330	0.485	− 1.381	0.052	− 1.433
	1000–1400	1,456,731	13,294	16,076	23,640	0.251	− 0.055	0.307
	1400–1800	1,969,797	17,976	7769	11,425	− 0.198	0.034	− 0.232
	1800–2200	2,492,537	22,746	8532	12,547	− 0.260	0.054	− 0.314
	2200–2600	1,904,152	17,377	12,212	17,958	0.014	− 0.003	0.017
	2600–3000	1,283,162	11,710	10,039	14,763	0.101	− 0.015	0.116
	3000–3400	411,264	3753	5285	7772	0.319	− 0.019	0.337
	3400–3800	128,853	1176	5094	7491	0.819	− 0.029	0.848
	3800–4146	39,502	0360	2665	3919	1.064	− 0.016	1.080
Aspect	Flat	238,676	2178	424	0.624	− 0.545	0.007	− 0.552
	North	685,146	6252	5883	8651	0.742	− 0.011	0.753
	Northeast	1,311,145	11,965	6248	9188	− 0.116	0.014	− 0.129
	East	1,142,489	10,426	3563	5240	− 0.300	0.025	− 0.325
	Southeast	1,374,238	12,541	5514	8109	− 0.191	0.022	− 0.212
	South	1,270,892	11,598	7680	11,294	− 0.012	0.002	− 0.013
	Southwest	1,249,359	11,401	6615	9728	− 0.070	0.008	− 0.078
	West	1,363,696	12,445	10,578	15,555	0.697	− 0.016	0.713
	Northwest	1,612,963	14,719	14,325	21,066	0.556	− 0.034	0.590
Slope	0–5	877,640	8009	283	0.416	− 1.287	0.035	− 1.322
	5–10	949,345	8663	773	1137	− 0.884	0.035	− 0.919
	10–15	924,563	8437	1879	2763	− 0.487	0.026	− 0.513
	15–20	1,223,898	11,169	4479	6587	− 0.231	0.022	− 0.253
	20–25	1,521,999	13,889	7442	10,944	− 0.104	0.015	− 0.119
	25–30	1,908,976	17,421	11,495	16,904	− 0.014	0.003	− 0.016
	30–35	1,750,461	15,974	14,846	21,832	0.236	− 0.031	0.268
	35–40	1,108,049	10,112	13,325	19,595	0.289	− 0.049	0.338
	40–80	693,256	6326	13,480	19,823	0.501	− 0.068	0.569
Distance to river	0–100	3,038,244	27,726	23,082	33,943	0.788	− 0.039	0.727
	100–200	2,629,077	23,992	17,277	25,407	0.024	− 0.008	0.032
	200–300	2,067,878	18,871	12,082	17,767	− 0.027	0.006	− 0.033
	300–400	1,480,579	13,511	8056	11,847	− 0.058	0.008	− 0.066
	400–500	930,448	8491	5441	8001	− 0.026	0.002	− 0.029
	500–600	494,119	4509	1766	2597	− 0.241	0.009	− 0.250
	> 600	317,842	2900	298	0.438	− 0.823	0.011	− 0.834
Distance to Faults	0–100	579,171	5285	2954	4344	− 0.086	0.004	− 0.090
	100–200	571,586	5216	2666	3920	− 0.125	0.006	− 0.131
	200–300	555,729	5071	2712	3988	− 0.105	0.005	− 0.110
	300–400	538,959	4918	3318	4879	− 0.004	0.000	− 0.004
	400–500	510,991	4663	4471	6575	0.150	− 0.009	0.159
	500–600	475,154	4336	4134	6079	0.148	− 0.008	0.156
	600–700	445,860	4069	3220	4735	0.066	− 0.003	0.069
	700–800	422,393	3855	3065	4507	0.068	− 0.003	0.071
	800–900	401,590	3665	2323	3416	− 0.031	0.001	− 0.032
	> 900	6,456,754	58,922	39,139	57,556	− 0.012	0.017	− 0.028
NDVI	− 1.0	308,723	2817	8542	12,561	− 0.058	0.046	− 0.102
	0–0.2	3,585,799	32,723	27,524	40,475	0.592	− 0.053	0.645
	0.2–0.3	2,497,976	22,796	11,117	16,348	0.146	0.035	0.111
	0.3–0.4	1,397,659	12,754	5132	7547	− 0.229	0.025	− 0.255
	0.4–0.5	903,324	8243	3753	5519	− 0.175	0.013	− 0.188
	0.5–0.7	1,241,592	11,330	5496	8082	− 0.148	0.016	− 0.163
	0.7–1	1,023,114	9337	6438	9467	− 0.006	0.001	− 0.007
Curvature	concave	7,305,932	12,561	13,597	14,328	0.080	− 0.011	0.91
	flat	58,471,399	54,302	54,210	64,191	0.959	− 0.009	0.968
	convex	43,631,245	33,137	20,048	21,481	− 0.052	0.024	− 0.076
Lithology	Hercynian granite	291,252	2658	686	1009	− 0.422	0.007	− 0.430
	Lower Cambrian	1,805,221	16,474	16,978	24,967	0.181	− 0.047	0.228
	Granite PK III	161,417	1473	0	0.000	0.000	0.006	− 0.006
	PK III	1,487,143	13,571	21,237	31,230	0.365	− 0.100	0.464
	Triassic	1,184,184	10,806	7184	10,564	0.710	− 0.001	0.711
	Middle Cambrian	3,899,874	35,589	21,405	31,477	− 0.054	0.028	− 0.082
	Visean	205,846	1878	59	0.087	− 1.338	0.008	− 1.346
	Paleocene	147,493	1346	0	0.000	0.000	0.006	− 0.006
	Cretaceous	174,341	1591	415	0.610	− 0.418	0.004	− 0.422
	Eocene	663,642	6056	38	0.056	− 2.038	0.027	− 2.065
	Miocene–Pliocene	66,174	0,604	0	0.000	0.000	0.003	− 0.003
	Pliocene	29,686	0,271	0	0.000	0.000	0.001	− 0.001
	Quaternary	194,812	1778	0	0.000	0.000	0.008	− 0.008
	Miocene	647,102	5905	0	0.000	0.000	0.027	− 0.027
Distance to roads	0–100	721,332	6583	8055	11,845	0.257	− 0.025	0.282
	100–200	650,787	5939	5050	7426	0.098	− 0.007	0.105
	200–300	589,638	5381	3793	5578	0.016	− 0.001	0.016
	300–400	542,723	4953	3465	5095	0.012	− 0.001	0.013
	400–500	503,998	4599	3000	4412	− 0.018	0.001	− 0.019
	> 500	7,949,709	72,546	44,639	65,644	− 0.045	0.103	− 0.148
TPI	−97–15	171,619	1,566	2260	3323	0.330	‡0.008	0.338
	−15–7	1,205,423	11,000	11,019	16,204	0.169	− 0.026	0.195
	−7–− 3	1,723,329	15,726	13,873	20,401	0.113	− 0.025	0.138
	−3–1	3,223,516	29,417	15,204	22,358	− 0.120	0.042	− 0.162
	1–6	2,931,384	26,751	13,808	20,305	− 0.121	0.037	− 0.158
	6–12	1,320,244	12,048	8340	12,264	0.007	− 0.001	0.008
	12–104	382,672	3492	3498	5144	0.169	− 0.008	0.177
Soil	rankers	1,875,895	17,119	9891	14,545	− 0.072	0.013	− 0.085
	rendzine	498,491	4549	1617	2378	− 0.283	0.010	− 0.293
	Brown soil	3,526,990	32,186	16,797	24,701	− 0.116	0.046	− 0.162
	fersiallitic soil	892,431	8144	0	0.000	0.000	0.037	− 0.037
	sandy soil	879,257	8024	4396	6465	− 0.095	0.007	− 0.102
	skeletal soil	2,839,452	25,912	35,301	51,912	0.303	− 0.188	0.491
	soil on tertiary formations	445,671	4067	0	0,000	0.000	0.018	− 0.018
TWI	< 4.20	582,243	5313	5073	7460	0.148	− 0.010	0.158
	4.2–5	2,333,240	21,292	14,498	21,320	0.000	0.000	0.000
	5–5.75	2,904,133	26,502	16,724	24,593	− 0.033	0.011	− 0.045
	5.75–6.5	2,027,508	18,502	12,200	17,941	− 0.014	0.003	− 0.017
	6.5–8.5	1,958,107	17,869	14,663	21,563	0.082	− 0.020	0.102
	8.5 <	1,152,956	10,521	4844	7123	0.370	− 0.016	− 0.386
LULC	water	24,042	0,219	0	0,000	0.000	0.001	− 0.001
	dense vegetation	1,964,037	17,923	14,840	21,823	0.085	− 0.021	− 0.106
	medium to low vegetation	5,461,797	49,842	24,228	35,628	− 0.148	0.110	− 0.258
	stony ground	1,326,975	12,109	20,785	30,565	0.405	− 0.103	0.508
	bare earth	2,181,336	19,906	8140	11,970	0.223	− 0.041	0.264
Precipitation	< 300	569,470	5197	6329	9307	0.255	− 0.019	− 0.274
	300–350	1,222,198	11,153	8588	12,629	0.054	− 0.007	− 0.061
	350–400	2,418,710	22,072	17,731	26,074	0.072	− 0.023	0.095
	400–450	2,771,891	25,295	15,085	22,183	− 0.058	0.018	− 0.076
	450–500	984,840	8987	3193	4695	0.283	− 0.020	0.303
	500–550	447,141	4080	7116	10,464	0.413	− 0.030	0.443
	550–600	775,859	7080	1348	1982	0.555	− 0.023	0.578
	> 600	1,768,078	16,135	8612	12,664	0.706	− 0.018	0.724

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