Fig. 4From: Externally forced symmetric warming in the Arctic and Antarctic during the second half of the twentieth centurySpatial pattern of lapse rate feedback contribution to the TOA heat flux (\({\text{W}}\;{\text{m}}^{ - 2}\)) due to a GHG, b AER and c OD. Vertical temperature changes (K) in the atmosphere due to GHG (red), AER (blue), and OD (yellow) in the d Antarctic (60°–90° S), e Tropics (25° S–25° N), and f Arctic (60°–90° N)Back to article page