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Geoscience Letters

Official Journal of the Asia Oceania Geosciences Society (AOGS)

Fig. 2 | Geoscience Letters

Fig. 2

From: Two-year consecutive concurrences of positive Indian Ocean Dipole and Central Pacific El Niño preconditioned the 2019/2020 Australian “black summer” bushfires

Fig. 2

The consecutive concurrences of CP El Niño and pIOD event and the recent severe drought over Australia. a A comparison between the JJA C-index (bars) and the JJA DMI (blue curve) from 1911 to 2019. The pink bars highlight CP El Niño years defined as when the C-index is greater than 0.5 s.d.; and a positive IOD event indicated by blue filled circle is defined as when the DMI is greater than 0.5 s.d. The correlation coefficient and p value are shown on the title. b The same as a but for the SON season. c Mean monthly rainfall anomalies over the recent five years, i.e., from 2015 to 2019. d, The same as c over the recent two years, i.e., from 2018 to 2019. Data are quadratically detrended before analysis. Dotted areas indicate regions where the anomalies are greater than a 2.0 s.d. value of the 5 year and 2 year running time series at each grid-points in c and d, respectively

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