Fig. 3From: The source detection of 28 September 2018 Sulawesi tsunami by using ionospheric GNSS total electron content disturbanceValidation by using circle method. Blue circle indicates that the possible tsunami source locations centering at Pantoloan-Sulteng tide gauge with radii of the inner edge of 24 km (= 80 m/s × 5 min) and the outer edge of 29 km (= 80 m/s × 6 min) km. Gray circle indicates that the possible tsunami source locations centering at the Palu beach area with radii of the inner edge of 34 km (= 80 m/s × 7 min) and the outer edge of 58 km (= 80 m/s × 12 min) kmBack to article page