Fig. 1From: Changing circulation structure and precipitation characteristics in Asian monsoon regions: greenhouse warming vs. aerosol effectsUpper panels showing spatial distribution of anomalous 500 hPa negative p-velocity (hPa s−1) for (a) GHG only and (b) ALL. Contours indicate pre-industrial climatology, with positive (warm color) and negative (blue color) values indicating anomalous ascending and descending motions, respectively. Grid points where 12 or more out of 19 models agree in the sign of the anomaly are indicated by black circles. Lower panels showing time series (1870–2005) of negative p-velocity averaged over (c) the DTS domain (rectangle outlined red) and (d) the AMS domain (rectangle outlined black), for GHG (red line) and ALL (blue line) respectively. Thick lines indicate 5-year running meanBack to article page