Recent progress toward reducing the uncertainty in tropical low cloud feedback and climate sensitivity: a review

Geoscience Letters

Official Journal of the Asia Oceania Geosciences Society (AOGS)

Table 2 Shortwave cloud feedback and ECS in the MPMPE

Model	Cloud	Convection	Turbulence	λ _SWcld (W m⁻² K⁻¹)	ECS (K)
MIROC5A				−0.24	2.35
CLD	MIROC3			−0.08	2.81
CNV		MIROC3		−0.07	2.48
VDF			MIROC3	−0.36	2.69
CNVVDF		MIROC3	MIROC3	−0.17	2.83
CLDCNV	MIROC3	MIROC3		0.39	3.16
CLDVDF	MIROC3		MIROC3	0.50	4.86
CLDCNVVDF	MIROC3	MIROC3	MIROC3	0.45	4.41

The left column indicates the eight models constituting the multi-parameter multi-physics ensemble (MPMPE; Shiogama et al. 2014). The second to fourth columns from the left indicate the implemented physics schemes (blank indicates a scheme identical to MIROC5A, and MIROC3 indicates a scheme identical to MIROC3 climate model; see Table 3 in Shiogama et al. 2014 for details). λ _SWcld represents the global mean shortwave cloud feedback (W m⁻² K⁻¹) averaged for the PPE members (Kamae et al. 2016b) diagnosed by the satellite cloud simulator (Klein and Jakob 1999; Webb et al. 2001) and cloud radiative kernel (Zelinka et al. 2012a; see text). ECS (K) is derived from Shiogama et al. (2014)