Official Journal of the Asia Oceania Geosciences Society (AOGS)
Table 1 HIP regarding earthquake
From: Earthquake preparedness in an urban area: the case of Dhaka city, Bangladesh
Dimension | Item number | Items with sources | Responses [n (%)] | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Knowledge | K1 | Based on my previous earthquake experiences, I have enriched my knowledge of it (Becker et al. 2017) | SAg | Ah | Mi | DAj | SDAk |
133 (19.65) | 330 (48.74) | 162 (23.93) | 41 (6.06) | 11 (1.62) | |||
K2 | Assuming I am in a building during an earthquake, I know what I am supposed to do to protect myself from injury once the first tremor stops (Alam 2016) | 116 (17.13) | 362 (53.47) | 139 (20.53) | 48 (7.09) | 12 (1.77) | |
K3 | I know where emergency evacuation exists are in where I live (Rooney and White 2007) | 98 (14.48) | 325 (48.01) | 133 (19.65) | 97 (14.33) | 24 (3.55) | |
K4 | I know where to wait until authorities mark clear my living place safe after an earthquake event (Islam et al. 2016) | 87 (12.85) | 325 (48.01) | 125 (18.46) | 119 (17.58) | 21 (3.10) | |
K5 | I am aware that other hazards can be triggered after an earthquake event (for example, fire incident, building collapsed, etc.) (Lee et al. 2008; Elhami Khorasani and Garlock 2017; Kelman 2018; Vitorino et al. 2020) | 159 (23.49) | 342 (50.52) | 115 (16.99) | 48 (7.09) | 13 (1.92) | |
K6 | I know what types of special support is needed during an earthquake (e.g., Old People, Children, Pregnant women, Disabled) (Tatsuki 2013; Yildiz et al. 2020) | 146 (21.57) | 334 (49.34) | 128 (18.91) | 58 (8.57) | 11 (1.62) | |
Subsistence | S1 | I have emergency tools (such as helmet, fire extinguisher, emergency exit, crescent and pipe wrenches, emergency lights, stored water, wheelchair) in my residential building or house for earthquake preparedness. Please agree if you have any of these (Rooney and White 2007) | 0 (0.00) | 566 (83.60) | 0 (0.00) | 111 (16.40) | 0 (0.00) |
S2 | I have savings for emergency situations like earthquake (Yildiz et al. 2020) | 74 (10.93) | 218 (32.20) | 182 (26.88) | 167 (24.67) | 36 (5.32) | |
S3 | I have the following items in my home to use in earthquake emergency situation—Dry food and water, prescribed medicine, flashlight, extra batteries, first-aid kit, whistle. Please agree if you have any of these (Alam 2020; Yildiz et al. 2020) | 0 (0.00) | 602 (88.92) | 0 (0.00) | 75 (11.08) | 0 (0.00) | |
S4 | I have earthquake safety insurance (Kunreuther and Kleffner 1992) | 54 (7.98) | 120 (17.73) | 120 (17.73) | 278 (41.06) | 105 (15.51) | |
S5 | I have ensured that all of my important documents are protected from earthquake and fire (Kirschenbaum 2002; Sutton and Tierney 2006) | 58 (8.57) | 240 (35.45) | 181 (26.74) | 162 (23.93) | 36 (5.32) | |
Loss Minimization | L1 | Top-heavy and large objects in my home have been secured to prevent falling (Yildiz et al. 2020) | 51 (7.53) | 238 (35.16) | 185 (27.33) | 164 (24.22) | 39 (5.76) |
L2 | I live in a structure that has been built according to the Bangladesh National Building Code (Islam et al. 2016; Alam 2020) | 88 (13.00) | 258 (38.11) | 180 (26.59) | 116 (17.13) | 35 (5.17) | |
L3 | Flammable and toxic substances in my home are stored securely (Islam et al. 2016) | 69 (10.19) | 292 (43.13) | 158 (23.34) | 122 (18.02) | 36 (5.32) | |
Social Integration | SI1 | There are voluntary organizations near where I live who would help people after an earthquake (Alam 2016) | 70 (10.34) | 246 (36.34) | 188 (27.77) | 143 (21.12) | 30 (4.43) |
SI2 | I discuss earthquake preparedness plan (such as evacuation route) with my community members (Alam 2016; Yildiz et al. 2020) | 65 (9.60) | 223 (32.94) | 165 (24.37) | 181 (26.74) | 43 (6.35) | |
SI3 | I believe that my neighbors would help me during an earthquake if they could (Alam 2016) | 80 (11.82) | 287 (42.39) | 194 (28.66) | 90 (13.29) | 26 (3.84) | |
SI4 | In the event of an earthquake, I have close family or friends who I may stay with or turn to for financial aid (Yildiz et al. 2020) | 91 (13.44) | 321 (47.42) | 168 (24.82) | 74 (10.93) | 23 (3.40) | |
Technological Integration | T1 | I have all the necessary emergency numbers, including those for the fire department (Yildiz et al. 2020) | 81 (11.96) | 275 (40.62) | 165 (24.37) | 132 (19.50) | 24 (3.55) |
T2 | I will receive formal warnings through warning technologies government uses (Lindell and Perry 2012; Islam et al. 2016) | 74 (10.93) | 295 (43.57) | 178 (26.29) | 101 (14.92) | 29 (4.28) | |
T3 | I will receive earthquake information through social media as authorities make emergency announcements (Mano et al. 2019) | 94 (13.88) | 344 (50.81) | 160 (23.63) | 64 (9.45) | 15 (2.22) | |
T4 | I will receive earthquake information through television as authorities make emergency announcements (Mulilis et al. 1990) | 88 (13.00) | 333 (49.19) | 148 (21.86) | 88 (13.00) | 20 (2.95) | |
T5 | I will receive earthquake information through radio as the authorities make emergency announcements (Mulilis et al. 1990) | 87 (12.85) | 257 (37.96) | 150 (22.16) | 151 (22.30) | 32 (4.73) | |
T6 | I know how to contact emergency first responders (for example, fire brigade, local authority, etc.) in case of earthquake incident (Alam 2016) | 97 (14.33) | 343 (50.66) | 143 (21.12) | 76 (11.23) | 18 (2.66) | |
Mental and Physical adaptive capacity | M1 | I have physically and mentally disabled person, old person, pregnant woman, small children any of them in my house (Enarson and Fordham 2001; Tatsuki 2013; Park et al. 2019) | 123 (18.17) | 308 (45.49) | 114 (16.84) | 106 (15.66) | 26 (3.84) |
M2 | In the event of an earthquake, I believe that my mental state will allow me to assist myself and my family (Becker et al. 2017; Nojang and Jensen 2020) | 115 (16.99) | 324 (47.86) | 169 (24.96) | 50 (7.39) | 19 (2.81) | |
M3 | If there is an earthquake, I believe my physical state good that I will be able to protect myself and my family (Aitsi-Selmi et al. 2015) | 116 (17.13) | 324 (47.86) | 161 (23.78) | 58 (8.57) | 18 (2.66) | |