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Geoscience Letters

Official Journal of the Asia Oceania Geosciences Society (AOGS)

Table 4 Averaged resulting statistics from sensitivity, reanalysis and CMIP5 experiments during 96 to 144 h model time

From: Idealized simulations of tropical cyclones with thermodynamic conditions under reanalysis and CMIP5 scenarios

Experiments

SSHF

\({r}_{v}\)

MSLP

MWS

R30

R64

CTL

838.8

16.9

916.0

58.8

230.9

85.4

S-SST28

545.3 (− 24.3)

16.2 (− 2.0)

931.7 (7.2)

52.0 (− 3.9)

197.7 (− 3.0)

76.4 (− 3.0)

S-SST32

1085.4 (7.0)

19.5 (5.2)

893.3 (− 15.0)

68.0 (7.6)

286.3 (3.0)

93.6 (1.3)

S-AT-2

953.2 (4.0)

17.2 (− 0.6)

905.3 (− 4.2)

62.7 (2.6)

280.0 (2.7)

90.7 (0.9)

S-AT + 2

699.1 (− 8.9)

17.7 (2.1)

921.8 (2.6)

56.4 (− 1.5)

213.9 (− 1.6)

79.7 (− 1.4)

S-MR-10

844.7 (0.4)

16.9 (− 0.1)

918.7 (2.6)

58.9 (0.1)

233.7 (0.7)

87.8 (0.2)

S-MR + 10

812.8 (− 1.8)

17.4 (1.0)

904.3 (− 7.2)

62.8 (2.8)

226.7 (− 0.3)

82.8 (− 0.8)

S-CO2 \(\times\) 2

829.6 (− 0.6)

16.9 (− 0.1)

914.0 (− 0.8)

59.9 (0.8)

227.5 (− 0.2)

82.4 (− 0.9)

S-CO2 \(\times\) 4

826.3 (− 0.7)

16.8 (− 0.1)

909.8 (− 4.8)

61.5 (2.3)

224.0 (− 0.8)

82.2 (− 0.4)

NCEP-M

537.9

17.2

925.7

52.8

191.5

74.1

NCEP-L

531.7 (− 0.5)

17.4(1.0)

925.7 (− 0.01)

52.5 (− 0.1)

187.3 (− 0.7)

71.3 (− 1.0)

CIRES20-P

507.5

16.9

931.7

51.1

189.2

73.6

CIRES20-M

526.4 (1.4)

16.9 (− 0.01)

931.0 (− 0.4)

51.1 (0.02)

189.5 (0.1)

73.3 (− 0.2)

CIRES20-L

533.6 (1.8)

17.1 (1.2)

932.2 (0.3)

50.4 (− 0.5)

191.5 (0.7)

73.5 (− 0.1)

ERA20C-P

628.2

16.2

926.1

53.1

205.0

78.7

ERA20C-M

632.5 (0.3)

16.3 (0.2)

928.7 (0.6)

52.7 (− 0.1)

210.0 (0.2)

75.4 (− 1.3)

ERA20C-L

608.5 (− 1.2)

16.7 (1.4)

927.0(0.4)

52.6(− 0.2)

198.9 (− 1.3)

78.6 (− 0.03)

RCP4.5-C

500.7

17.5

933.3

49.6

190.1

73.5

RCP4.5-F

522.3 (1.4)

18.5 (6.5)

931.6 (− 0.6)

50.0 (0.2)

190.4 (− 0.1)

72.8 (− 0.3)

RCP8.5-C

507.7 (0.4)

17.5 (0.2)

929.2 (− 1.6)

51.9 (1.3)

192.6 (0.6)

75.3 (1.1)

RCP8.5-F

575.6 (5.0;4.3)

20.1 (14.8;10.9)

922.3 (− 4.5;-5.7)

56.3 (3.4;4.7)

203.1 (3.5;3.7)

75.1 (− 0.1;1.1)

  1. The sensitivity experiments are compared to CTL
  2. The NCEP/NCAR R-1 experiments are compared to each other. The CIRES20 and ERA20C experiments are compared to their pre-stage. The future scenarios used in RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 experiments are compared to their current-stage, RCP8.5-C is compared to RCP4.5-C, and RCP8.5-F comparison to RCP8.5-C is shown by italic values. SSHF (rv) is the average SSHF (rv) within 300 km of the vortex center in units of W m2 (g kg−1). MSLP (MWS) is minimum sea level pressure (maximum wind speed) in units of hPa (m s−1). R30 and R64 are the azimuthally averaged radius from the vortex center of the 10-m 15 and 32 m s−1 wind, respectively. A two-tailed moving-blocks bootstrap-based test with 10,000 resamples and a two-sample z-test are used for comparing two means and a null hypothesis of no difference. Bold and italic values indicate significance at the p < 0.01 level with an effective degree of freedom around 10. Parenthesized numbers indicate the Cohen’s d effect size of each variable by subtracting the mean of two samples and then dividing the value by the standard deviation. For RCP8.5-F, the first (second) parenthesized number represents the Cohen’s d effect size between RCP8.5-C and RCP8.5-F (RCP4.5-F and RCP8.5-F). There are 289 data samples at 10-min intervals in every experiment (n = 289)
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